Turkish · b. 1952
Orhan Pamuk won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2006 for discovering "new symbols for the clash and interlacing of cultures." The Turkish author's novels—"My Name Is Red," "Snow," "The Museum of Innocence"—explore Ottoman and modern Turkey through philosophical puzzles and love stories. "My Name Is Red" (1998) is a murder mystery among sixteenth-century miniaturists. Pamuk's memoir "Istanbul" captures his city with a melancholy he calls hüzün. He has been prosecuted for speaking about the Armenian genocide.